# Whistleblower laws in all 27 EU member states and Moldova > National whistleblower protection laws across the EU, with links to official texts, external authorities, and country-specific implementation notes. Source: https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/ Updated: 2026-08-24 --- Every EU country has transposed [Directive 2019/1937](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32019L1937) into national law, but the operational details differ by country: private-sector threshold, public-sector scope, shared channels, external reporting authority, and data protection authority. Moldova, an EU accession candidate, is also covered — its Legea 165/2023 is partially aligned with the Directive ahead of accession, not a transposition of it. This section prioritizes official law texts and authority guidance over vendor summaries. Select a country below to see the applicable law, the competent authority, and the main compliance points that matter in practice. ## Pages in this section - [Whistleblower law in Czech Republic — Act No. 171/2023](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/czech-republic/): Czech whistleblower law under Act No. 171/2023: the 50-worker threshold, the Ministry of Justice external system, and the official Czech sources. - [Whistleblower law in France — Loi Waserman](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/france/): France's whistleblower framework under Loi Waserman: who needs an internal channel, how external reporting works, and which official authorities matter. - [Whistleblower law in Bulgaria — Bulgarian whistleblowing act](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/bulgaria/): Bulgaria's whistleblowing act: the 50-worker rule, CPDP's dual role, and the official implementation guidance for obliged entities. - [Whistleblower law in Greece — Law 4990/2022](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/greece/): Greece's Law 4990/2022: who needs an internal channel, the role of the National Transparency Authority, and the official Greek compliance framework. - [Whistleblower law in Luxembourg — Loi du 16 mai 2023](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/luxembourg/): Luxembourg's whistleblower law: the 50-worker rule, the 22-authority structure, and the official CNPD and reporting-office sources. - [Whistleblower law in Moldova — Legea 165/2023](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/moldova/): Moldova's Legea 165/2023 on integrity whistleblowers: who needs an internal channel, the CNA and Ombudsman roles, and the law's partial alignment with Directive (EU) 2019/1937. - [Whistleblower law in Portugal — Lei 93/2021](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/portugal/): Portugal's Lei 93/2021: the 50-worker trigger, authority-specific external reporting, and the official Portuguese sources that matter. - [Whistleblower law in Romania — Legea 361/2022](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/romania/): Romania's Legea 361/2022: who needs an internal channel, ANI's role as the external authority, and the official Romanian compliance sources. - [Whistleblower law in Spain — Ley 2/2023](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/spain/): Spain's Ley 2/2023: the private-sector threshold, public-sector scope, regional authority nuance, and the official Spanish reporting authorities. - [Whistleblower law in Cyprus — Law 6(I)/2022](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/cyprus/): Cyprus's Law 6(I)/2022: the 50-worker rule, Cyprus's competent-authority structure, and the official implementation sources. - [Whistleblower law in Malta — Cap. 527](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/malta/): Malta's Protection of the Whistleblower Act: the 50-worker rule, Malta's reporting-officer model, and the official sources. - [Whistleblower law in Austria — HSchG](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/austria/): Austria's HinweisgeberInnenschutzgesetz (HSchG): the 50-worker trigger, Austria's designated external reporting offices, and the official BAK and DSB sources. - [Whistleblower law in Belgium — Act of 28 November 2022](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/belgium/): Belgium's whistleblower framework: the private-sector 50-worker rule, the federal ombudsman route, and the official sources that matter. - [Whistleblower law in Croatia — Whistleblower Protection Act](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/croatia/): Croatia's Whistleblower Protection Act: the 50-worker rule, the Ombudswoman's role as external authority, and the official Croatian sources. - [Whistleblower law in Denmark — Act 1436/2021](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/denmark/): Denmark's whistleblower act: the 50-worker rule, the National Whistleblower Scheme, and the official Danish guidance. - [Whistleblower law in Estonia — RTKS](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/estonia/): Estonia's Rikkumisest teavitaja kaitse seadus (RTKS): the 50-worker rule, Estonia's still-young reporting framework, and the official state sources. - [Whistleblower law in Finland — Act 1171/2022](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/finland/): Finland's Whistleblower Protection Act: the 50-worker rule, the centralised external reporting channel, and the official Finnish sources. - [Whistleblower law in Germany — HinSchG](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/germany/): Germany's Hinweisgeberschutzgesetz (HinSchG): private-sector threshold, shared internal offices, and the official external and data protection authorities. - [Whistleblower law in Hungary — Act XXV/2023](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/hungary/): Hungary's whistleblowing framework under Act XXV of 2023: the 50-worker rule, the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights system, and the official sources. - [Whistleblower law in Ireland — Protected Disclosures Act](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/ireland/): Ireland's protected disclosures framework: the 50-worker rule, the Protected Disclosures Commissioner, and the official Irish sources. - [Whistleblower law in Italy — D.Lgs. 24/2023](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/italy/): Italy's whistleblower framework under Legislative Decree 24/2023: the 50-worker rule, the Model 231 carve-in, and the official ANAC sources. - [Whistleblower law in Latvia — Trauksmes celšanas likums](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/latvia/): Latvia's Whistleblowing Law: the 50-worker rule, KNAB's contact-point role, and the official Latvian sources. - [Whistleblower law in Lithuania — Pranešėjų apsaugos įstatymas](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/lithuania/): Lithuania's whistleblower law: the 50-worker rule, the central role of the Public Prosecutor's Office, and the official Lithuanian sources. - [Whistleblower law in Poland — Ustawa o ochronie sygnalistów](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/poland/): Poland's 2024 whistleblower act: the broader 50-person threshold, the Ombudsman's external channel, and the official Polish rollout dates. - [Whistleblower law in Slovakia — Act No. 54/2019](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/slovakia/): Slovakia's whistleblower law: the 50-worker rule, the Whistleblower Protection Office, and the official Slovak sources. - [Whistleblower law in Slovenia — ZZPri](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/slovenia/): Slovenia's Reporting Persons Protection Act (ZZPri): the 50-worker rule, the KPK protection role, and the official Slovenian sources. - [Whistleblower law in Sweden — SFS 2021:890](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/sweden/): Sweden's whistleblower act: the 50-worker rule, Sweden's sectoral external-authority model, and the official Swedish sources. - [Whistleblower law in the Netherlands — Wbk](https://ethicsportal.eu/whistleblower-laws/netherlands/): The Dutch Whistleblower Protection Act: the 50-worker rule, the Dutch Whistleblowers Authority, and the official Dutch sources.