Whistleblower Laws in All 27 EU Member States
Every EU country has transposed Directive 2019/1937 into national law, but the operational details differ by country: private-sector threshold, public-sector scope, shared channels, external reporting authority, and data protection authority.
This section prioritizes official law texts and authority guidance over vendor summaries. Select a country below to see the applicable law, the competent authority, and the main compliance points that matter in practice.
Austria
HSchG
Austria's HinweisgeberInnenschutzgesetz (HSchG): the 50-worker trigger, Austria's designated external reporting offices, and the …
Up to €40,000Belgium
Act of 28 Nov 2022
Belgium's whistleblower framework: the private-sector 50-worker rule, the federal ombudsman route, and the official sources that …
Up to €576,000Bulgaria
Bulgarian whistleblowing act
Bulgaria's whistleblowing act: the 50-worker rule, CPDP's dual role, and the official implementation guidance for obliged …
Croatia
Whistleblower Protection Act
Croatia's Whistleblower Protection Act: the 50-worker rule, the Ombudswoman's role as external authority, and the official …
Cyprus
Law 6(I)/2022
Cyprus's Law 6(I)/2022: the 50-worker rule, Cyprus's competent-authority structure, and the official implementation sources.
Czech Republic
Act 171/2023
Czech whistleblower law under Act No. 171/2023: the 50-worker threshold, the Ministry of Justice external system, and the official …
Denmark
Act 1436/2021
Denmark's whistleblower act: the 50-worker rule, the National Whistleblower Scheme, and the official Danish guidance.
Estonia
RTKS
Estonia's Rikkumisest teavitaja kaitse seadus (RTKS): the 50-worker rule, Estonia's still-young reporting framework, and the …
Finland
Act 1171/2022
Finland's Whistleblower Protection Act: the 50-worker rule, the centralised external reporting channel, and the official Finnish …
France
Loi Waserman
France's whistleblower framework under Loi Waserman: who needs an internal channel, how external reporting works, and which …
Up to €60,000Germany
HinSchG
Germany's Hinweisgeberschutzgesetz (HinSchG): private-sector threshold, shared internal offices, and the official external and …
Up to €500,000Greece
Law 4990/2022
Greece's Law 4990/2022: who needs an internal channel, the role of the National Transparency Authority, and the official Greek …
Hungary
Act XXV/2023
Hungary's whistleblowing framework under Act XXV of 2023: the 50-worker rule, the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights system, and …
Ireland
PDA 2022
Ireland's protected disclosures framework: the 50-worker rule, the Protected Disclosures Commissioner, and the official Irish …
Italy
D.Lgs. 24/2023
Italy's whistleblower framework under Legislative Decree 24/2023: the 50-worker rule, the Model 231 carve-in, and the official …
Up to €50,000Latvia
Trauksmes celšanas likums
Latvia's Whistleblowing Law: the 50-worker rule, KNAB's contact-point role, and the official Latvian sources.
Lithuania
Pranešėjų apsaugos įstatymas
Lithuania's whistleblower law: the 50-worker rule, the central role of the Public Prosecutor's Office, and the official Lithuanian …
Luxembourg
Loi du 16 mai 2023
Luxembourg's whistleblower law: the 50-worker rule, the 22-authority structure, and the official CNPD and reporting-office …
Malta
Cap. 527
Malta's Protection of the Whistleblower Act: the 50-worker rule, Malta's reporting-officer model, and the official sources.
Poland
Ustawa o ochronie sygnalistów
Poland's 2024 whistleblower act: the broader 50-person threshold, the Ombudsman's external channel, and the official Polish …
Up to €250,000Portugal
Lei 93/2021
Portugal's Lei 93/2021: the 50-worker trigger, authority-specific external reporting, and the official Portuguese sources that …
Up to €125,000Romania
Legea 361/2022
Romania's Legea 361/2022: who needs an internal channel, ANI's role as the external authority, and the official Romanian …
Slovakia
Act 54/2019
Slovakia's whistleblower law: the 50-worker rule, the Whistleblower Protection Office, and the official Slovak sources.
Slovenia
ZZPri
Slovenia's Reporting Persons Protection Act (ZZPri): the 50-worker rule, the KPK protection role, and the official Slovenian …
Spain
Ley 2/2023
Spain's Ley 2/2023: the private-sector threshold, public-sector scope, regional authority nuance, and the official Spanish …
Up to €1,000,000Sweden
SFS 2021:890
Sweden's whistleblower act: the 50-worker rule, Sweden's sectoral external-authority model, and the official Swedish sources.
Netherlands
Wbk
The Dutch Whistleblower Protection Act: the 50-worker rule, the Dutch Whistleblowers Authority, and the official Dutch sources.